Validez clínica e indicaciones para la prueba de micotoxinas
La validez clínica de la prueba de micotoxinas realizada en RealTime Laboratories, Inc.
y las indicaciones clínicas para la prueba y el tratamiento de micotoxinas
D.G. Hooper, M.D., Ph.D.

¿Por qué son tan importantes las pruebas de hongos y micotoxinas para los pacientes y los médicos que los tratan?
The benefits of the mycotoxin tests are far reaching in chronic unexplained disease. The physicians that use RealTime’s tests tell the patients it is a toxicology test that complements heavy metals like lead or mercury, carbon monoxide exposure, and solvent exposure, all of which are neurotoxins. Since mold and damp environments are prevalent, it must be considered in chronic persistent neurological symptoms – especially fatigue and alteration of mental function. (Personal Communication). Some people are very sensitive to molds and their secondary metabolites, mycotoxins. For these people, exposure to molds can lead to symptoms such as stuffy nose, wheezing, and red or itchy eyes, or skin. Some people, such as those with allergies to molds or with asthma, may have more intense reactions. Severe reactions may occur among workers exposed to large amounts of molds in occupational settings, such as farmers working around moldy hay (i.e. farmer’s lung). Severe reactions may include fever and shortness of breath. People with a weakened immune system, such as people receiving treatment for cancer, people who have had an organ or stem cell transplant, and people taking medicines that suppress the immune system, are more likely to get mold and thus, mycotoxin infestations. (mycotoxicosis).¿Cuál es la validez clínica de la prueba?
Mycotoxicoses are examples of “poisoning by natural means” and thus are analogous to the pathologies caused by exposure to pesticides or heavy metal residues. The Los síntomas de una micotoxicosis depend on the type of mycotoxin; the amount and duration of the exposure; the age, health, and sex of the exposed individual; and many poorly understood synergistic effects involving genetics, dietary status, and interactions with other toxic insults. The severity of mycotoxin poisoning can be compounded by factors such as vitamin deficiency, caloric deprivation, alcohol abuse, and infectious disease status. In turn, mycotoxicoses can heighten vulnerability to microbial diseases, worsen the effects of malnutrition, and interact synergistically with other toxins.
¿Qué tipo de médico debería atender a los pacientes que están preocupados por la exposición al moho?
The patient should first consult a family or general health care provider who will decide whether the patient needs referral to a specialist. Such specialists might include an allergist who treats patients with mold allergies or an infectious disease physician who treats mold infections. If an infection is in the lungs, a pulmonary physician might be recommended. Patients who have been exposed to molds in their workplace may be referred to an occupational physician or an environmental physician specialist.¿Cuáles son las indicaciones clínicas para las pruebas y el posible tratamiento?
Microbial growth may result in greater numbers of spores, cell fragments, allergens, mycotoxins, endotoxins, β-glucans and volatile organic compounds in indoor air. The causative agents of the adverse health effects have not been identified conclusively, but an excess level of any of these agents in the indoor environment is a potential health hazard. Microbial interactions and moisture-related physical and chemical emissions from building materials may also play a role in dampness-related health effects. Building standards and regulations for comfort and health do not sufficiently emphasize requirements for preventing and controlling excess moisture and dampness.

¿Cuáles son las características del tratamiento para las enfermedades fúngicas y la micotoxicosis?
Attempting to treat clinical cases affected by mycotoxins can be beneficial to the patient if the treating physician knows what he/she is treating. However, if not chronic or severe, and caught early enough, the cases usually resolve when the source of toxicity is withdrawn, and the patients are given supportive therapy. Physicians have used “binders” for toxin removal in the intestinal tract. Other physicians have used hyperbaric oxygen and/or antifungals for treatment of sinusitis and mycotoxicosis, as well as for disseminated fungal disorders (See Attachment #1). Emphasis is made on ensuring the immune system is intact and strong because the mycotoxins play a major role in immunosuppression. Consequently, transplantation surgeons use a mycotoxin, Mycophenolic Acid (Brand names: Myfortic and Cell Cept) to induce immunosuppression in patients who require an organ transplant. Supportive therapy includes supplementation for biochemical pathways such as Glutathione and others. Such supplements are chosen at the clinicians’ discretion and their understanding of biochemical pathways which may be affected by environmental toxins. If the patient has a disseminated fungal disease, the clinician also can choose to use systemic antifungal therapy (See Attachment #1).Anexo n. ° 1
Antifúngicos utilizados para infecciones fúngicas sistémicas y locales. *
Anfotericina B – can be used iv for systemic infections or as a nasal spray (diluted) with EDTA for biofilm disruption and treatment of focal sinus infections
Caspofungina – iv only for candidemia and mucosal candidiasis
Fluconazol – iv or oral (used primarily for Coccidiomycosis and Cryptococcal meningitis)
Itraconazol – oral, can be used for thrush, esophageal candidiasis and prophylaxis for invasive aspergillosis and candidiasis
Posaconazol – oral candidiasis; used in oral candidiasis refractory to itraconazole
Voriconazol – iv or oral. For Candidiasis or Fusariosis.
* del Manual Merck 2019.
REFERENCIAS **
Mycotoxins, Bennett and Klich. Clin Micobiol Rev . 2003 Jul; 16(3): 497–516.
Effects of Mycotoxins on Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Immune Processes Aarane M. Ratnaseelan, MBS1; Irene Tsilioni, PhD2; and Theoharis C. Theoharides, MS, MPhil, PhD, MD. Clinical Therapeutics/Volume 40, Number 6, 2018 .
Health Effects of Mycotoxins: A Toxicological Overview Frederick Fung, M.D., M.S., and Richard F. Clark, M.D. Journal of Toxicology CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY Vol. 42, No. 2, pp. 217–234, 2004
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This document was last updated on October 18, 2019.